Pulmonology is the specialty of the respiratory system. It deals with the structure and function of the lungs and the airways (bronchi and trachea) and treats lung diseases such as lung cancer or asthma.
The pulmonologist is skilled in a range of specialized diagnostic procedures. For example, they can examine the airways using endoscopy (“bronchoscopy”) to identify the cause of shortness of breath or to obtain tissue samples. They also perform lung function tests or request chest X-rays.
An important part of their work is the pharmacological treatment of asthma. The pulmonologist prescribes appropriate medications and explains their correct use to the patient. In addition, they advise asthma patients on how to prevent asthma attacks.
For the surgical treatment of lung diseases, the pulmonologist works closely with specialists in thoracic and vascular surgery. Today, it is possible to remove tumor-related airway narrowing using laser surgical techniques or to insert prostheses (stents) into the airways to keep them open.
Pulmonologists also frequently collaborate with specialists in allergology.