Surgical urology is a specialisation in which surgery is performed on the urinary and genital tract in cases of disease, organ alterations, disturbances or tumours. This surgery is carried out on both men and women. The treatment areas are: disease of the bladder, urinary incontinence, potency problems in men, undescended testes, enlarged prostate, prostate cancer, vasectomy (male sterilisation) and vasectomy reversal, hydrocele, cysts, urethral stenosis, phimosis (tightening of the foreskin), penile curvature, and so on.